The Warm Springs Indian Reservation is more than 641,000 acres of arid canyons and mountain forests. Parts of Jefferson and Wasco counties are within the reservation boundaries. Local off reservation communities’ principal industries include agriculture, ranching, and recreation. Average temperature range is from the 90’s in the summer to the 20’s in the winter. The area is a high desert plateau and is home to various recreational activities which include boating, biking, camping, fishing, hiking, skiing, rafting and swimming. Bend, a town of approximately 20,000 and one hour from Warm Springs, is the primary destination for social activities and entertainment. Portland Metropolitan Area is 105 miles from Warm Springs and offers various social activities and entertainment.